The illiterate of the 21st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn. (from Psychologist Herbert Gerjuoy quoted by Alvin Toffler, writer)
Modal verbs are special verbs which behave very differently from normal verbs. Here are some important differences:
1. Modal verbs do not take "-s" in the third person.
Examples:
He can speak Chinese.
She should be here by 9:00.
2. You use "not" to make modal verbs negative, even in Simple Present and Simple Past.
Examples:
He should not be late.
They might not come to the party.
3. Many modal verbs cannot be used in the past tenses or the future tenses.
Examples:
He will can go with us.Not Correct
She musted study very hard.Not Correct
Common Modal Verbs
Can
Could
May
Might
Must
Ought to
Shall
Should
Will
Would
For the purposes of this tutorial, we have included some expressions which are not modal verbs including had better, have to, and have got to. These expressions are closely related to modals in meaning and are often interchanged with them.
0.25 points for each correct answer to a multiple choice question (8 questions).
wrong answers will be penalized (-1/3 of the question value = -0,08).
Reading comprehension: 4 points
0.5 for each correct answer to a multiple choice question (8 questions).
wrong answers will be penalized (-1/3 of the question value = -0,16).
Composition: 4 points The following aspects will be evaluated separately on a scale of 0 to 10 points.
b.1 Grammar (25 % of the composition grade) Two different aspects will be contemplated under this heading:
the correct and appropriate use of morphological and syntactic structures
the range (variety and complexity) of structures used.
b.2 Vocabulary (25 % of the composition grade) Two main aspects will be considered:
the range and appropriate use of vocabulary (variety of semantic fields, richness, phrasal verbs, collocations, idiomatic expressions, linking words,...).
the correct spelling of words.
b.3 Text / Paragraph building (25 % of the composition grade) Two main aspects will be examined:
The clarity of organization of ideas within the sentence, the paragraph and the text
The clear and correct use of punctuation and text markers.
b.4 Maturity (25 % of the composition grade) Aspects contemplated in this category:
The skillful handling of the topic (clear thinking, good outline, well-reasoned ideas, creativity, ...)
Reminders
Wrong format: If a composition does not follow the format (letter, dialogue, news report, diary, for and against argumentation, description, narrative, ...) of the chosen option, it will be penalized up to 1 point.
Copying from the text: the use of full sentences or fragments taken from the text will not be considered as personal writing.
Insufficient length. Compositions under 100 words will be penalized up to 1 point.
Wrong topic: No points will be given to a composition written on a topic not included in the two given options.
Choose one of the pictures, describe it and write a comment. It will help you to improve your final mark.
Here you can see a short video on Barcelona's monumental trees,
Which two species of tree can you see in the video? Give their Latin names! Can you look for their names in English? How many protected trees are there in Barcelona city? When was the tree 1 'protected'? How old is it?
The Venus de Milowas discovered in 1820 on the island of Mélos, Greece.
It is believed to depict Aphrodite (who was called Venus by the Romans). It is thought to be the work of Alexandros of Antioch, it is made of marble and it was sculpted in the 2nd Century B.C.
Today it can be seen on display at the Louvre, Paris.
Form of Passive
Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)
Example: A letter was written.
When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence (or is dropped)
Examples of Passive
Tense
Subject
Verb
Object
Simple Present
Active:
Rita
writes
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
is written
by Rita.
Simple Past
Active:
Rita
wrote
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
was written
by Rita.
Present Perfect
Active:
Rita
has written
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
has been written
by Rita.
Future I
Active:
Rita
will write
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
will be written
by Rita.
Modals
Active:
Rita
can write
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
can be written
by Rita.
Examples of Passive
Tense
Subject
Verb
Object
Present Progressive
Active:
Rita
is writing
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
is being written
by Rita.
Past Progressive
Active:
Rita
was writing
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
was being written
by Rita.
Past Perfect
Active:
Rita
had written
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
had been written
by Rita.
Future II
Active:
Rita
will have written
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
will have been written
by Rita.
Conditional I
Active:
Rita
would write
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
would be written
by Rita.
Conditional II
Active:
Rita
would have written
a letter.
Passive:
A letter
would have been written
by Rita.
Passive Sentences with Two Objects
Rewriting an active sentence with two objects in passive voice means that one of the two objects becomes the subject, the other one remains an object. Which object to transform into a subject depends on what you want to put the focus on.
Subject
Verb
Object 1
Object 2
Active:
Rita
wrote
a letter
to me.
Passive:
A letter
was written
to me
by Rita.
Passive:
I
was written
a letter
by Rita.
As you can see in the examples, adding by Rita does not sound very elegant. That’s why it is usually dropped. do some exercises !!!!!!!
taken from: http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/passive#exercises
1.- Feeling intelligent
2.- Sponsored weddings
3.- The Cannes film festival
4.- Danger- Escaped clone
6.- Laila Ali: winning the fight
7.- Shop 'till you drop?
8.- A city in space
9.- A culture of crime
TYPES OF WRITING
Description
Opinion essay
A formal letter
A narrative
A for and against essay
A review
Mind mapping (or concept mapping) involves writing down a central idea and thinking up new and related ideas which radiate out from the centre. By focussing on key ideas written down in your own words, and then looking for branches out and connections between the ideas, you are mapping knowledge in a manner which will help you understand and remember new information.
Use lines, colours, arrows, branches or some other way of showing connections between the ideas generated on your mind map. These relationships may be important in you understanding new information or in constructing a structured essay plan. By personalising the map with your own symbols and designs you will be constructing visual and meaningful relationships between ideas which will assist in your recall and understanding.
All of these things promote linear thinking and the idea of mind mapping is to think creatively and in a non-linear manner. There will be plenty of time for modifying the information later on but at this stage it is important to get every possibility into the mind map. Sometimes it is one of those obscure possibilities that may become the key to your knowledge of a topic.
Some students find that using capital letters encourages them to get down only the key points. Capitals are also easier to read in a diagram. You may, however, wish to write down some explanatory notes in lower case. Some students do this when they revisit the mind map at a later date while others write in such things as assessment criteria in this way.
Most students find it useful to turn their page on the side and do a mind map in "landscape" style. With the main idea or topic in the middle of the page this gives the maximum space for other ideas to radiate out from the centre.
Some of the most useful mind maps are those which are added to over a period of time. After the initial drawing of the mind map you may wish to highlight things, add information or add questions for the duration of a subject right up until exam time. For this reason it is a good idea to leave lots of space.
Today you work in pairs, look for information about your trees but first decide which information you need.
0.- Open a blank Word document. Give it a name. Save it.
1.- Write a list of things you want to know, from the obvious ones to any you are curious about.
2.- After 10 minutes, read the list to the class and listen to the others. Take notes.
3.- Go into 'Google' and write between quotation marks (") the concepts you want to know.
4.- Write down (on the doc) the information and the webs you have visited to get it, explain briefly why they are good.
5.- Now that you have the information, organize it as a mind map on a doc or a piece of paper. Do it as homework.
6.- Show the information to your teacher (or send it by e-mail) along this week.
In your free time this week, take a digital camera (you can borrow the school's) and go with your partner to visit both your trees, you have to take at least 6-8 pictures:
- a general of the landscape - the whole tree with you on the same picture (your partner takes the picture) - details of the branches - details of the leaves - a close-up of the trunk - some pictures of other specimens of the same tree
The pictures must be taken along this week and brought in next Monday/Wednesday.
Ask the teacher for help whenever you have any doubts or questions.
Next Monday/Wednesday we will work on English structures.
0.- Your teacher gives you back your previous work commented. 1.- Think about the English you need to write a good report on your tree. 2.- Begin writing.
look at these maps of your district, choose one and print it
find where you live and the school address on it, write a different symbol for each place
draw your way from school to all of your home addresses
now you have to walk that way together and look at the trees you see
- how many trees can you find?
- are they the same species or not?
- name the different trees you find
(Latin name and then you can look for the Catalan, English and Spanish names on Internet)
- draw their shapes and the details of the leaves, flowers, fruits, ...
- are they in bloom now, in April?
- remember to take pictures to illustrate your work
now invent a symbol for each different tree species you have found
and draw them on your map
give the map to your teacher and all the images you have drawn or taken (or send them by e-mail)
Try to write her biography by answering the following questions:
Where was this person born? In what year?
Where did this person grow up?
What does/did this person do for a living?
Why is this person famous?
What did/does this person do to become famous?
How has this person made an impact on others' lives?
Beques i ajuts individuals per a cursos d'Anglès a Gran Bretanya o Irlanda, de Francès a França i d’alemany a Alemanya per a alumnes d'ensenyament secundari
Beques per als alumnes de segon cicle d'ensenyament secundari obligatori, Batxillerat i Cicles Formatius (on es cursi llengua estrangera).
Modalitat
Nombre
Cost total
Import beca
Import a pagar per la família
A
150
1.380€
1.259€
121€
B
350
1.380€
824€
556€
Característiques de l'estada
en institucions acreditades
test de nivell previ
20 hores de classe a la setmana
classes de 15 alumnes
programa d'activitats complementari
test final per valorar l'aprofitament
allotjament en família (un/a estudiant català per família)
viatge des del punt de sortida establert fins a la família de destí i retorn
personal tutor i de contacte permanent
assegurança
Durada: 2 setmanes a partir del 27 de juny i fins al 17 d'agost de 2008 en els països corresponents.
Requisits
Modalitat A:
Estar matriculat en un centre sostingut amb fons públics.
Tenir la condició de becaris en la convocatòria de beques i ajuts a l’estudi de caràcter general, per alumnes de nivells postobligatoris no universitaris i per universitaris que cursen estudis en la seva Comunitat Autònoma, o en la convocatòria d’ajuts per a l’adquisició de llibres de text i material didàctic complementari que es publiquin al BOE per cada curs.
Tenir aprovat el curs anterior amb la nota mitjana de notable i una nota final de notable o excel·lent en l'assignatura d'Anglès, Francès o Alemany.
Modalitat B:
Estar matriculat en un centre sostingut amb fons públics.
Tenir aprovat el curs anterior amb una nota mitjana de notable i una nota final d'excel·lent en l'assignatura d'Anglès, Francès o Alemany.
Com demanar-les
Les sol·licituds es tramitaran a través dels centres docents on es cursin els estudis ordinaris.
Termini de presentació de sol·licituds pels candidats als seus Centres: 20 dies naturals a partir de la publicació de l’ordre al DOG.
Termini d'introducció de dades a l'aplicació informàtica per part dels Centres: 10 dies naturals a partir de la finalització del termini de presentació de sol·licituds.
If I told you things I did before Told you how I used to be Would you go along with someone like me? If you knew my story word for word Had all of my history Would you go along with someone like me? I did before and had my share It didn't lead nowhere I would go along with someone like you It doesn't matter what you do Who you were hanging with We could stick around and see this night through
And we don't care about the young folks
Talkin' bout the young style
And we don't care about the old folks
Talkin' 'bout the old style too
And we don't care about our own faults
Talkin' 'bout our own style
All we care about is talking
Talking only me and you
Usually when things has gone this far
People tend to disappear
No one would surprise me unless you do
I can tell there's something goin' on
Hours seem to disappear
Everyone is leaving I'm still with you
It doesn't matter what we do
Where we are going to
We can stick around and see this night through "Young Folks" is the first single from Peter Bjorn and John's third album, Writer's Block (released in 2006). The single features Victoria Bergsman as a guest vocalist.
What is for you success in life?
What would you need to feel happy and confident?
Money is important, but do you think the richest are the happiest? why/why not?
Is IQ important for you? Justify your answer.
Do you always manage your emotions? When is it more difficult for you to control yourself?
Give some ideas to improve EQ.
COMPOSITION: write three or four paragraphs (not one or two), 50-100 words (check the models I gave to you), choose one of the following two
A description:
Describe someone you know who has been very successful in life. Describe her/his personality, indicating her/his intellectual and emotional abilities. A personal opinion:
Should schools be responsible for teaching students how to manage their emotions?
A CULTURE OF CRIME
Do you believe in justice?
Who takes advantage of Prohibition?
Is alcohol and cigarettes less harming than drugs?
How would you fight crime in the city?
COMPOSITION: write three or four paragraphs (not one or two), 50-100 words (check the models I gave to you), choose one of the following two:
A review:
Write a review of a crime book, film or TV series. State your opinion, explaining why you liked/didn't like it. A for and against essay:
Explain the advantages/disadvantages of reality crime shows.
Hi everybody! This week I want you basically do the same as you did at Easter.
1.- Read two more chapters of your book, write the answers to the exercises in a doc and send it to me by e-mail.
2.- Go to the park and notice how your tree has changed since our last visit. Write me an e-mail in English, Spanish or Catalen telling me the details, and send me pictures if you have new ones (old ones are also welcome).
Remember my e-mail address is: ebnay@xtec.cat
3.- Go to MacMillan website and do the listening exercises for 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
You could take the lift to the top of the Eiffel Tower, take a boat trip on the River Seine, or stroll along the tree-lined Champs Élysées and enjoy a coffee at one of the pavement cafés.
A visit to Montmartre is a must - you can have your portrait painted by one of the many artists. Further afield is Disneyland Paris, or you might want to visit the Château de Versailles just 12 miles from the city centre.
Obviously the final marks are not final until tomorrow, they are provisional, that means: you have 24h. to improve them (by doing pending homework or resits) DON'T GIVE UP!
1. How much attention do you pay to your daily diet? 2. How often do you eat in a fast food restaurant like McDonald's? 3. What are your favorite foods? Are they healthy? 4. Describe what you saw in the videos. 5. What would you do to make sure you develop healthy eating habits? 6. Should government regulate the fast food industry? Why?
1. Name top three cities that you want to see. Why do you choose them? 2. When do you expect to visit all three? 3. Describe what you saw in the VIDEO. 4. Would you rather visit smaller cities to avoid the tourist crowds? 5. What kind of concerns you may have if you are about to visit a big city? 6. Have you been to any city in a foreign country? How was the experience?
1. Do you like cooking? Why? 2. What kind of foods do you like to cook the most? 3. How did you learn to cook your favorite dishes? 4. Describe what you saw in the video. 5. What are the hardest things to learn in cooking? 6. How often do you try new recipes?
Charades, pop skill
Water hyacinth, named by a poet.
Imitation of life
Like a koi in a frozen pond
Like a goldfish in a bowl
I dont want to hear you cry
That's sugarcane that tasted good That's cinnamon that's hollywood C'mon c'mon no one can see you try
You want the greatest thing
The greatest thing since bread came sliced.
You've got it all, you've got it sized.
Like a Friday fashion show teenager
Freezing in the corner
Trying to look like you don't try
That's sugarcane that tasted good. That's cinnamon that's hollywood C'mon c'mon no one can see you try
No one can see you cry
That's sugarcane that tasted good That's freezing rain that's what you could C'mon c'mon no one can see you cry
This sugarcane
This lemonade
This hurricane, Im not afraid.
C'mon c'mon no one can see me cry
This lightning storm
This tidal wave
This avalanche, I'm not afraid.
C'mon c'mon no one can see me cry
That's sugarcane that tasted good That's who you are, that's what you could C'mon c'mon no one can see you cry
That's sugarcane that tasted good That's who you are, that's what you could C'mon c'mon no one can see you cry "Imitation of Life" is a song by R.E.M., the first single released from the band's 12th album, Reveal in 2001.
Step one you say we need to talk
He walks you say sit down it's just a talk
He smiles politely back at you
You stare politely right on through
Some sort of window to your right
As he goes left and you stay right
Between the lines of fear and blame
And you begin to wonder why you came
Where did I go wrong, I lost a friend Somewhere along in the bitterness And I would have stayed up with you all night Had I known how to save a life
Let him know that you know best
Cause after all you do know best
Try to slip past his defense
Without granting innocence
Lay down a list of what is wrong
The things you've told him all along
And pray to God he hears you
Where did I go wrong, I lost a friend Somewhere along in the bitterness And I would have stayed up with you all night Had I known how to save a life
As he begins to raise his voice
You lower yours and grant him one last choice
Drive until you lose the road
Or break with the ones you've followed
He will do one of two things
He will admit to everything
Or he'll say he's just not the same
And you'll begin to wonder why you came
Where did I go wrong, I lost a friend Somewhere along in the bitterness And I would have stayed up with you all night Had I known how to save a life
Consider this, we live on a water planet. Through the millennia the water cycle has supported all life. Shaping weather, seasons and climate; providing habitats for most of the world's living things and most of them including us are almost entirely made up of water.
Now consider this: water is a finite substance, a limited resource. Only a tiny fraction of the earth's water is fresh. It supports everything from agriculture and sanitation to aquatic ecosystems like rivers and streams.
Water falls unevenly across the planet; but much of it is locked up in glaciers, permanent snow cover, ice and permafrost. Water is also stuck underground, very deeply earthed and hard to reach. To make matters worse, water is being threatened by pollution, overpopulation, climate change, mismanagement and war.
Pollution is so severe, that diseases are increasing in both humans and animals. Habitat are being destroyed, rain is turning into acid. So many chemicals flow into rivers and lakes that the actual composition of water in some places has been fundamentally changed.
Human encroachment is also drying our aquifers diverting the natural flow of rivers and straining water supplies. Hidden in everyday consumption is the careless and unnecessary waste of water. Massive dams displace millions of people and destroy whole eco systems.
Global warming is altering the water cycle, causing more severe and unpredictable flooding and droughts, ultimately shifting where water flows. Unregulated corporate privatization threatens access to water for the poor. Some governments fail to deliver water where it is needed most. These stresses have created political and military conflicts that will only get worse. Ultimately, humanity is poisoning, squandering and overburden water resources.
The result is that billions of people lack access to clean water. Millions of children die every year from preventable water born diseases. Lack of clean water and basic sanitation traps people in problem. People are fighting and dying for it. We're at a crises point.
We still have time to turn this around. We can conserve water and not waste it. Invest in smart water infrastructure and technologies. Increase environmental regulations on polluting industries. Tell government leaders to fulfil financial pledges for clean water. Ensure that water is not treated as a commodity. And the most important: we must recognize that access to clean water is a basic human right.
And that United Nations should adopt a global treaty on the right to water.
Water equals Life. There's no separation; by protecting water, we can protect our selves and this blue planet for future generations.
Sledgehammer
Peter Gabriel
you could have a steam train
if you'd just lay down your tracks
you could have an aeroplane flying
if you bring your blue sky back
all you do is call me I'll be anything you need
you could have a big dipper
going up and down, all around the bends
you could have a bumper car, bumping
this amusement never ends
I want to be your sledgehammer why don't you call my name oh let me be your sledgehammer this will be my testimony
show me round your fruitcage
'cos I will be your honey bee
open up your fruitcage
where the fruit is as sweet as can be
I want to be your sledgehammer why don't you call my name you'd better call the sledgehammer put your mind at rest
I'm going to be-the sledgehammer this can be my testimony I'm your sledgehammer let there be no doubt about it
sledge sledge sledgehammer
I've kicked the habit
shed my skin
this is the new stuff
I go dancing in, we go dancing in
oh won't you show for me
and I will show for you
show for me, I will show for you
yea, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, I do mean you
only you
you've been coming through
going to build that powerr
build, build up that power, hey
I've been feeding the rhythm
I've been feeding the rhythm
going to feel that power, build in you
come on, come on, help me do
yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, you
I've been feeding the rhythm
I've been feeding the rhythm
it's what we're doing, doing
all day and night
I have climbed highest mountain
I have run through the fields
Only to be with you
Only to be with you
I have run
I have crawled
I have scaled these city walls
These city walls
Only to be with you
But I still haven't found what I'm looking for But I still haven't found what I'm looking for
I have kissed honey lips
Felt the healing in her fingertips
It burned like fire
This burning desire
I have spoke with the tongue of angels
I have held the hand of a devil
It was warm in the night
I was cold as a stone
But I still haven't found what I'm looking for But I still haven't found what I'm looking for
I believe in the kingdom come
Then all the colors will bleed into one
Bleed into one
Well yes I'm still running
You broke the bonds and you
Loosed the chains
Carried the cross
Of my shame
Of my shame
You know I believed it
But I still haven't found what I'm looking for But I still haven't found what I'm looking for But I still haven't found what I'm looking for
But I still haven't found what I'm looking for...
On a dark desert highway, cool wind in my hair
Warm smell of colitas, rising up through the air
Up ahead in the distance, I saw a shimmering light
My head grew heavy and my sight grew dim
I had to stop for the night
There she stood in the doorway;
I heard the mission bell
And I was thinking to myself,
’this could be heaven or this could be hell’
Then she lit up a candle and she showed me the way
There were voices down the corridor,
I thought I heard them say...
Welcome to the hotel california Such a lovely place Such a lovely face Plenty of room at the hotel california Any time of year, you can find it here
Her mind is tiffany-twisted, she got the mercedes bends
She got a lot of pretty, pretty boys, that she calls friends
How they dance in the courtyard, sweet summer sweat.
Some dance to remember, some dance to forget
So I called up the captain,
’please bring me my wine’
He said, ’we haven’t had that spirit here since nineteen sixty nine’
And still those voices are calling from far away,
Wake you up in the middle of the night
Just to hear them say...
Welcome to the hotel california Such a lovely place Such a lovely face They livin’ it up at the hotel california What a nice surprise, bring your alibis
Mirrors on the ceiling,
The pink champagne on ice
And she said ’we are all just prisoners here, of our own device’
And in the master’s chambers,
They gathered for the feast
The stab it with their steely knives,
But they just can’t kill the beast
Last thing I remember, I was
Running for the door
I had to find the passage back
To the place I was before
’relax,’ said the night man,
We are programmed to receive.
You can checkout any time you like,
But you can never leave!
How long before I get in?
Before it starts, before I begin?
How long before you decide?
Before I know what it feels like?
Where to, where do I go?
If you never try, then you'll never know.
How long do I have to climb,
Up on the side of this mountain of mine?
Look up, I look up at night,
Planets are moving at the speed of light.
Climb up, up in the trees,
every chance that you get,
is a chance you seize.
How long am I gonna stand,
with my head stuck under the sand?
I'll start before I can stop,
before I see things the right way up.
All that noise, and all that sound, All those places I got found. And birds go flying at the speed of sound, to show you how it all began. Birds came flying from the underground, if you could see it then you'd understand?
Ideas that you'll never find,
All the inventors could never design.
The buildings that you put up, Japan and China all lit up.
The sign that I couldn't read,
or a light that I couldn't see,
some things you have to believe,
but others are puzzles, puzzling me.
All that noise, and all that sound, All those places I got found. And birds go flying at the speed of sound, to show you how it all began. Birds came flying from the underground, if you could see it then you'd understand, ah when you see it then you'll understand?
All those signs, I knew what they meant.
Some things you can invent.
Some get made, and some get sent,
Ooh?
Birds go flying at the speed of sound, to show you how it all began. Birds came flying from the underground, if you could see it then you'd understand,
ah, when you see it then you'll understand? "Speed of Sound" (2005) is a song by British alternative rock band Coldplay.
I’m in love "Friday I'm in Love" is a song and a worldwide hit by British rock band The Cure. It is the second single taken from the album Wish (1992).